Ocorrência e distribuição espacial da dengue no Triângulo Mineiro e Alto Paranaíba: uma análise dos determinantes climáticos, socioeconômicos e das ações municipais de controle da endemia

Abstract

Dengue is configured in actuality as one of the greatest public health problems of the world. In 2011, were registered 721.546 cases, of which 343.731 are located in the Southeast Region and 36.380 in the State of Minas Gerais. The majority of these reports are located in the Triangulo Mineiro and Alto Parnaíba. Faced with this condition, the aim of this study was to analyze the occurrence and spatial distribution of dengue in Geographic Mesoregion of the Triangulo Mineiro and Alto Parnaíba through climate and socioeconomic determinants and general municipal actions to control the endemy. To this end was realized a bibliographical survey about the themes Dengue, Medical Geography and Health Geography, Environmental Health, Epidemiology and Public Health, as well historical and geographical aspects of Triângulo Mineiro and Alto Parnaíba. Were collected climatic data of rainfall and the temperatures were estimated by technique of linear multiple. Were also collected socioeconomic and Dengue in its different clinical manifestations according to CID-10. Data were used at two stages: initially in climate and socioeconomic characterization of the region and, subsequently, in correlation with the incidence of dengue through Pearson Correlation Coefficient (r). Was spatialized the incidence by the use of techniques of Geoprocessing, from the use of ESRI ArcGIS 10.1 software. As a result, in the three years analyzed, covering the years 2010, 2011 and 2012 were identified different standard concerning dengue situation, with the formation of small clusters, increase in the number of municipalities that were at risk compared to previous years and possible underreporting of cases. In the correlation, the results demonstrated that the socioeconomic shows themselves as statistically of low intensity. However, was identified a stronger relationship with the climatic data. In the analysis of public policies and actions to combat the vector in the view of managers in health, the epidemic of 2012-2013 years is a result of the discontinuity of actions to combat the vector and of the cleanliness of the city, causing a large amount of waste that contemplate itself as locus of vector proliferation.