Luta pela terra no Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba: a trajetória dos movimentos e organizações sociais na construção do território

Abstract

This dissertation is result of a research made with the movements and organizations who seek land reform that are active in the Triangulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba mesoregion of the State of Minas Gereis. In the first chapter, we propose a historical recollection about land reform and how were the discussions of the agrarian policies in the national scenario and in the region. We make a survey of the main agricultural policies to understand the paths of development in the Brazilian countryside. In the second chapter, we present some theoretical reflections about the ones involved in the land struggle process in the region and also seek to understand the role of the Movimento Sindical Rural (Rural Labor Movement) and also of Animação Pastoral Rural , APR, which are the most active movements for land reform in the region. In the third chapter, we explore the history of land struggle in the region, the conquest of Settlement Projects Iturama and Santo Inácio Ranchinho , the trade union FETAEMG and social movements themselves and their difficult history of territorialization: MTL, MLST and MST. We analyze the main types involved in the struggle for land: The social movements fighting for the land" themselves; "organizations "which have a structure equivalent to NGO's - such as the APR - Animação Pastoral e Social no Meio Rural; and the "union movement", mainly represented by FETAEMG - Federation of Agricultural Workers of the State of Minas Gerais and STR's - Rural Workers Union. The methodology comprised a literature review of theses, dissertations, books and interviews aimed at leaders of movements and organizations fighting for land. We emphasize discussions and contributions from the results of interviews conducted during the field work performed during the years 2009 and 2010, which were methodologically fundamental to the wealth of empirical work. We interviewed directors and coordinators of the movements and organizations fighting for land that were identified as leaders of their movement or organization they represent. We understand that today's movements have become more consolidated in the region and begin to organize joint agendas of struggle in a Forum of Struggle for Agrarian Reform in the Triângulo Mineiro / Alto Paranaíba.