Medidas físicas e biológicas com potencial para uso em recuperação de voçoroca no município de Uberlândia-MG

Abstract

As a result of inadequate soil management in the Cerrado, currently rural and urban areas are with high degradation. Thus, the Meso-region of Triangulo Mineiro is among the locations in Brazil with the highest occurrence of erosion in the form of gullies. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of a set of simple practical and inexpensive, for stabilization and reclamation of gullies in Glory Farm in Uberlândia-MG. For this, they were analyzed soil characteristics (physical and chemical) linked to the gullies, as well as physical structures (Narrow base terraces and vertical mulching), bamboo fences with raffia bags and biological (revegetation with tree legumes and herbaceous). The techniques were deployed in indoor and outdoor of erosive incisions, which sought to unite during the study period (One and a half) subsidies to contemplate the change of indicators landscape. For biological evaluation / edaphic, the variable analyzed in Inside was the comparison of the average development between two herbaceous species. On the outside was analyzed to establish tree species under different levels of liming the soil through the plant height, crown width and stem diameter at initial stage and end of the study, were then subjected to analysis of variance by Scott - Knott 5% probability.It was found that the high thickness of the gravel and instability of the C horizon combined with anthropogenic factors and pedological nature, contributed to the aggravation of the erosion process. Thus, from the pedological viewpoint, the assessed information fall into what is described as "kind of ground ". The combined use of vertical mulching and terrace provided the storage of excess water flow and maintenance soil moisture. A palisade of bamboo and raffia bags was efficient on baring much of the material (sediments) that would transported ground down. As for revegetation, it contributed to improve the visual aspect on the soil surface. So that for the tree species best results were presented by plants of Acacia mangium, Acacia auriculiformis, Mimosa artemisiana Anadenanthera macrocarpa and Inga edulis. Since the species Gliricidia sepium, Guazuma ulmifolia and the Astronium fraxinifolium lower values. Inside, the species Macrotyloma axillare, demonstrated a rapid formation of plant cover in relation to Arachis pintoi. As regards the period of study results obtained so far, suggest the potential of techniques adopted for the proposed purpose.