A geografia escolar do aluno EJA: caminhos para uma prática de ensino

Abstract

A democratic education with quality is a major component for the construction of a fairer and more egalitarian society. Historically, Brazil has not been able to promote access and permanence of an important portion of the population in school, mainly the one of smaller purchasing power. Figures of school censuses demonstrate that, in recent years, a relatively big return of youths and adults has happened to the schools. This research is inserted in this context of educational division. Our objective was to know and understand the development of the teaching process and Geography learning, and propose appropriate methodologies for the teaching of Geography in Youths and Adults Education of the elementary level. For that a bibliographical research on the subject of Adult Youths Education was carried out in Brazil, focusing on the Freirean pedagogy and the teaching/learning process of school Geography. Two groups of the evening period of a city school at Uberlândia-MG, 2007 were researched, being one of the 6th grade (3rd cycle), and another of the 8th grade (4th cycle). It was verified, among other results of this research: the incapacity and historical inefficiency of the educational public policies in promoting access and permanence of the students in school; that teaching should be ruled, according to Freirean pedagogy, to the student's reality, seeking autonomy promotion, awareness, and, consequently, citizenship; that teachers continuing studies, including Geography should contemplate the particularities and necessities of this kind of teaching; that the teaching practice of the Geography teacher should consider the social subject condition of this learner, by means of a teaching methodology which is differentiated and appropriate, emphasizing the students' previous and real knowledge, accomplishing connections between the geographical content taught in the school and the acquired knowledge by their life experiences. Finally, we conclude that the use of videos (films, documentaries), as a didactic tool is an alternative for the construction of the geographical knowledge in the classroom, mainly in what it regards the shortage of time for study, didactic material, and learning difficulties inherent to the student.