Efeito protetor de proantocianidinas de sementes de Vitis vinifera L. (Vitaceae) contra efeitos genotóxicos do cloridrato de Doxorrubicina, em células somáticas de Drosophila melanogaster

Abstract

Proanthocyanidins (PAs), also known as condensed tannins, are naturally occurring oligomers and polymers of flavan-3-ol monomer units widely found in leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds, nuts and barks of many plants. Grape seeds proanthocyanidins (GSPs) has been used as nutritional supplements, as antioxidant, in preventing atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases and for dislipidemy treatment. The anthracycline antibiotic adriamycin (doxorubicin - DOX) is a cancer chemotherapeutic agent that interfere with topoisomerase II enzyme and generate free radicals. In the present study, GSPs (1.680; 3.375 or 6.750 mg/mL) alone were examined for genotoxicity and the same concentrations of GSPs in association with DOX (0.125 mg/mL) were examined for antigenotoxicity, using the standard (ST) and high bioactivation (HB) versions of the wing somatic mutation and recombination test in Drosophila melanogaster. The results observed in both crosses were rather similar. GSPs itself did not show genotoxicity at the doses used. GSPs suppressed the DNA damage induced by DOX in a dosedependent manner. Comparison of the frequencies of wing spots in the markerheterozygous (MH) flies and balancer-heterozygous (BH) flies, from both crosses, indicated that recombination was a major response for treatment with DOX alone. Simultaneous treatments demonstrated that GSPs has anti-mutagenic and antirecombinogenic activities. Nevertheless, the anti-recombinogenic activity was a major response.