Efeitos moduladores da Annona muricata e da Tabebuia impetiginosa sobre a genotoxicidade da doxorrubicina em células somáticas de Drosophila melanogaster

Abstract

Plants have been the basis of many traditional medicine systems throughout the world for thousands of years and continue to provide mankind with new remedies. Annona muricata (Am) and Tabebuia impetiginosa (Ti) are species that has been widely used in brazilian folk medicine for treatment of several diseases. Previous studies with Am suggested that acetogenins, identified in leaves extracts, and Ti with chemical constituents lapachol and -lapachone, identified in bark and stem, have biologically active properties against several cancer cell lines. The present study evaluated the genotoxy and antigenotoxy properties of Am dry leaves powder, commercially available as an herbal supplement and of Ti dry bark and stem powder, commercially available as a natural product. For work was used the Standard (ST) cross and High Bioactivation (HB) cross of the wing Somatic Mutation And Recombination Test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster. Three different Am and Ti concentrations (10.0, 20.0 or 40.0%) were used. The antigenotoxicity tests involved the use of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DXR) as an inducer of genotoxic events. It was observed that Am and Ti alone did not modify the spontaneous frequencies of mutant spots in both crosses. The protective effects against DXR-induced genotoxicity were observed in Am (cotreatment and pretreatment) suggesting that it show des-mutagenic effects, but further experiments are required on dose response and appropriate combinations with chemotherapeutic drugs for a better understanding of its mechanisms of action and chemoprevention. Ti, in association with DXR, was toxic in both crosses at the higher concentration, and in the HB cross induced a considerable potentiating effect (from ~20.0 to 95.0%) on the genotoxicity of DXR, suggesting a feasible anticarcinogenic potential, but further research are needed to determine the possible risks that could be associated with the exposure of organisms to this complex mixture.