O uso da razão comunicativa na esfera pública, segundo o pensamento de Jürgen Habermas

Abstract

The goal of this dissertation is to present the communicative reason at the public space, according to the thought of the German philosopher Jürgen Habermas. For this, through the speech act theory by Austin and Searle, it aims to understand how the language, in its pragmatic usage, becomes medium of every possible understanding. It happens through the performance or the solvability of several pretensions of validity, susceptible of criticisms. The appropriation and the suitability of the Husserl s concept of Lebenswelt, by Habermas, will be essential for a good development of the research, which will reach its height in the considerations about the beginning and the first changes that occurred in the bourgeois. Leading the reflection to this direction, it will be appropriate to observe how the communicative reason, in its public use, helps to create the wish and the individual s reasoning and, as a natural consequence of this fact, how it creates the experiences of freedom and democracy. So the habermasian reflection, leads to an ethic thought, a consequent explanation for the law in communicative basis and a consolidation of a deliberative policy.