Análise e projeto de sistema de acionamento para caçamba basculante

Abstract

In Brazil, trucks do more than half of cargo transportation. Dump trucks are an important alternative to the transportation of granulated products, because it presents a quick and convenient unloading method. This paper presents an improvement study of a dump trucks drive system known as Indirect Tipping System. For this study was established a combinatorial analysis method so that all the design possibilities could be assessed from the perspective of driving forces involved in the mechanism. Later, with the determination of new settings for the project, the main components of the system ware scaled with the help of the finite element analysis. To perform combinatorial, a computational program analysis was created, where the input are the equations that determine the geometry and forces of the drive the mechanism. Up to now, in small company that provide this service, the project of the mechanism is done by a graphical method. Although simple, this method do not bring the possibility of a thorough investigation of the problem. However, to perform more efficient design analysis, it was necessary to obtain an algebraic equation that relates the different variables of the problem to determine the geometry of the mechanism. Thus, it was possible to develop the design of the device through an algebraic method, replacing the graphical method currently used. Besides contributing to the presentation of a new method to design this mechanism specifically, this work brings a method, which may be used on other devices of the same type. Applying the proposed methodology, four new projects of indirect tipping systems have been established and can be produced and evaluated by a manufacturer of road equipment. The new projects, present levels of stress/deformation compatible with the existing model, and in three of them, it was possible to reduce the final weight of the device.