Geração distribuída - impactos e contribuições para a qualidade da energia elétrica e dinâmica dos sistemas elétricos - uma análise através do ATP-EMTP

Abstract

This study mainly aims at the presentation of the performance analysis of two synchronous generators, with their speed and voltage regulators in parallel with a distribution system for distributed generation studies. It is noteworthy that these generators are driven by steam turbines and their regulators were modeled with TACS (Transient Analysis of Control Systems) routines of the EMTP-ATP- Alternative Transients Program . This configuration is quite common in systems that use renewable fuels as straw and bagasse from sugar cane. The impacts of these generators in the electric system are determined and compared using a distribution grid model, also represented in the ATP. Technical issues studied here refer to the voltage profile in steady state, voltage sags due to a balanced three-phase fault, load rejection, loss of a distribution line and responses of machine regulators to the applied contingencies. The results show that, in certain cases the independent generation may threaten the integrity of the system and in others it is beneficial to the distribution system to which it is connected.