Caracterização dos fatores naturais e antrópicos responsáveis pelo desencadeamento das feições erosivas na cabeceira do Córrego Campo Alegre

Abstract

This work aims to characterize the natural and anthropic factors which have been responsible for the erosion acceleration of the urban area of the basin of Campo Alegre stream. The study area has approximately 5,52km2 and is located in the southeast portion of the city of Uberlândia, MG, between the geographical coordinates 18o 57' 21" and 18o 58' 35" south latitude and 48o 13' 24" e 48o 15' 6" west longitude. The results of this characterization will serve as a source of data for a better management of the occupation of the study area and to reduce the impacts that have been occurred. The characterization of this basin made the physiographic elements identification possible such as: geology, geomorphology, declivity and altimetry. For the attainment of results of the soil physical assays, analyses of grain-size, methylene blue, erosion rates, compaction, consistency index had been carried through. The evolution of the anthropic occupation is presented by statistical data and air photographs from 1969 until 2004. Considering the existence of two pluvial water galleries deriving from residential areas of the Campo Alegre stream headboard, arose the pluviometric totals in the city and the average variation of the stream outflow to understand the drags of soil materials caused by the pluvial water concentration, making the photographic register of the evolution of the erosion presents at the study area. The results had demonstrated that the basin of Campo Alegre stream is presented sufficiently sensitive to the erosion having as conditioning factors the lack of vegetation, the arenaceous texture soil, predominance of low declivities in the portions of the top. Associated to these factors are the pluvial water trail management and the urbanization acceleration without projects that respect the environmental conservation.