Cultura e formação nos primeiros escritos de Nietzsche

Abstract

This study aims to reflect upon the concepts of culture and formation (Bildung) in the first writings of Nietzsche - from 1872 to 1874. Firstly, it attempts to show how the concept of culture has been historically constituted in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries Germany, and also how does transformation process and inversion on the meaning of culture take place with the rise of the middle class to leading positions. Once the meaning of this concept is established, we seek to highlight the Nietzschean conception of culture, mentioning the influence of Burckhardt (1818-1897). By bringing up the Nietzschean concept of culture we analyze what are the philosopher s understandings concerning authentic culture and pseudo-culture.The research seeks to understand the decline of the modern culture and the proposal of a cultural rebirth through the example of the archaic Greece. In the second chapter, in order to identify - on the trajectory - the meanings and aspects of the term, we investigate the origin of the concept of Bildung (formation) in Germany up to Nietzsche\'s thought.Finally, this study also reflects upon the Nietzschean project of Bildung. In that sense, conferences such as On the Future of our Educational Institutions and the work Schopenhauer as Educator are taken under consideration in this analysis. It is through these works that the German philosopher intends to develop his thesis of education as a process of self-formation.