A lei do valor e o planejamento econômico de natureza capitalista

Abstract

The concept of law of value and the economic planning adequate for the dynamics of value expansion are analyzed on the basis of the links between Marx s Political Economy and economic science in general. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part connects the concept of law of value of the Classical Political Economy with the debates about planning before World War One in order to show how the ideal of invisible hand contradicted the ascension of social control of the economic reproduction. The second part develops the relationship between capital and state to indicate that the control over the law of value does not imply the end of the capitalist mode of production. Thus, the infinite amplified reproduction of capital must be admitted as a formal possibility and the solution sketched by Keynes must be recognized as a highly capable anti-communist reaction which leads to a revision of the abrupt rupture between scientific (Marxist) socialism and utopian socialism. The two main results of the research are: (i) in convergence with Celso Furtado s final conclusions on Political Economy, the political conquer of the technique of planning is the only way to escape from the alienation inside the economic planning of capitalist nature and to avoid the reformist/developmentalist way which detaches Keynes radicalism from the progressive flow of the utopian socialists, and (ii) the Keynesian-structuralist approach (in all its variations and political perspectives) which dominated the education of the Brazilian economist since the first half of the 20th century will not benefit from the crisis of 2008 and tends to be replaced by a growing polarization which will increase the presence of the Marxist and Austrian Schools along the formation of the economic scientist in Brazil.