Retenção de placenta e endometrite subclínica: prevalência e relação com o desempenho reprodutivo de vacas leiteiras mestiças

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of retained placenta (RP) and subclinical endometritis (ES) between 30 to 80 days postpartum, the correlation between the two diseases and its relationship with the reproductive performance of crossbred dairy cows. We evaluated 462 calvings of crossbred dairy cows (Holstein/Gir). The occurrence of RP is regarded as the failure to eliminate the placenta from 12 hours after the expulsion of the fetus. The endometrial samples were collected between 30 and 80 days postpartum, using the method of \"cytobrush\", the blade were stained and analyzed by microscopy. ES case was considered the presence of more than 5% of neutrophils in each blade. The reproductive performance was evaluated by the percentage of animals that injure pregnant women in the first IA and before 150 days postpartum. Data were analyzed by chi-square test with the help of the InStat program. The prevalence of PR was 14.94% and ES was 27.49%. The occurrence of RP did not affect the prevalence of ES (P>0.05). The occurrence of dystocia increased the prevalence of RP (P<0.05), but did not affect the incidence of ES (P>0.05). The time of year did not influence the RP (P>0.05), however calving cows in the rainy months had a higher prevalence of ES (P<0.05). The ES did not affect the reproductive performance of cows, but the occurrence of RP negative effect on reproductive performance, cows who had the disease had service period higher (P < 0.05) and required more IA to pregnant ( P < 0.05 ).