Prevalência de sorotipos e resistência a antimicrobianos de cepas invasivas do Streptococcus pneumoniae em pacientes com diagnóstico de meningite admitidos em um hospital universitário

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the profile of serotypes and antimicrobial resistance of pneumococcal strains obtained from clinical specimens of patients admitted with a diagnosis of meningitis at the Hospital Clinics, Federal University of Uberlandia (HC-UFU). Invasive pneumococcal strains isolated in the Clinical Laboratory of HC-UFU samples from inpatients were identified and sent to Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL) in Sao Paulo, SP, to confirm the identification, serotyping and determination of antimicrobial susceptibility. From April 1999 to April 2009, among 338 strains recovered, 72 obtained from patients with meningitis were evaluated. Forty six (63.9%) patients were male and the age ranged from one month to 82.2 years old, mean of 18.4 ± 22.9 years, median of 5.2 years. Strains were isolated from cerebrospinal fluid [66 occasions (91.7%)] and blood [6 occasions (8.3%)]. There were 24 different serotypes of pneumococcus and the most commonly identified were 14, 19F, 3, 7F, 6A, 6B, 10A, 18C, 23F, 5 and 34 giving a figure of coverage by the 7-valent conjugate vaccine of 79.8% and the 10-valent of 91.3 among children aged up to five years. Amongst 20 [27.8%] oxacillin-resistant strains, 17 [23.6%] confirmed resistant to penicillin and nine [12,5%] resistant to ceftriaxone, both being more common in children until 24 months and during the period of 2005 to 2009.