Ocorrência de Pasteuria sp. em Heterodera glycines no Brasil e compatibilidade do isolado PN1 de P. nishizawae com populações de campo do nematoide

Abstract

Soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, can be found in up to 2 million hectares in Brazil. Few agronomic practices are economically suitable and effective against this nematode, therefore new tools development becomes important. The objective of this study was assessing the natural occurrence of Pasteuria sp. on H. glycines populations; P. nishizawae, PN1 isolated, endospores attachment on different H. glycines populations and its efficacy against H. glycines under green-house conditions. Pasteuria natural occurrence was assessed by endospores observation on nematode skin in 14 different nematode populations, from commercial soybean areas. Nice H. glycines populations were used for attachment tests with PN1 isolated of P. nishizawae by centrifuge method described by Hewlett & Dickson (1993). For efficacy test were tested two P. nishizawae rates (106 e 108 endospores / plant), abamectin and Purpureocillium lilacinus, on commercial rates. Pasteuria sp. endospores were found on all evaluated populations at different frequencies, from 5.5 to 87%. Such observation represents the first report of Pasteuria sp. occurrence on H. glycines in Brazil. Attachment results of PN1 isolated of P. nishizawae showed few variations were found among nematode populations, from 12.5 to 44.5%. In efficacy test, P. nishizawae (PN1 isolated) was effective at 108 endospores per plant in early H. glycines control, according number of females per plant, number of females per root gram and number of eggs per plant. Therefore, P. nishizawae showed a good potential as biological agent against H. glycines in Brazil.