Arranjos de cultivo de soja, cruzada e convencional, submetida a doses e manejo de aplicação do fósforo

Abstract

Brazilian soybeans have high productivity which is similar to those obtained in developed countries. Such prominent position is also due to investment in management systems. One potential option for increasing yield is the adoption of denser planting spatial designs and improvement of fertilizer supplying efficacy, with effective application modes that optimize time. Therefore, the purpose was to evaluate the effect of phosphorus doses in different fertilization management systems (furrow or broadcast), in different spatial arrangements (conventional or crossed) in soybeans. Nutrient absorption was quantified, technological parameters in the stages V6 and R1 were analyzed in different plant fractions (stem, leaves, pods) in the spatial arrangements, and soil chemical properties and soybean yield were determined as a function of fertilizer management and spatial arrangement. Two experiments were done at the Experimental Farm Capim Branco, Uberlândia-MG, one with conventional sowing and the other one with crossed sowing. The experimental design in both of them was randomized blocks (3 blocks and 27 plots), with five phosphorus doses (0, 60, 120, 180 or 240 kg ha-1), two fertilizer application modes (broadcast or furrow), and the crossed sowing had the double of the conventional sowing plant population. Soybean yield and soil chemical properties were not affected by the fertilizer management type in neither sowing arrangement.