Governança corporativa aplicada ao setor público: uma análise do desempenho educacional no brasil e em minas gerais a partir da pnad pesquisa nacional por amostra de domicílios

Abstract

The process of democratic participation in private and public sectors has led to decisions that benefit the community now and act now to meet individual interests. When dealing with collective space this relationship between public and private must have mechanisms that protect the overriding interest in a society: the public. Especially in the midst of social inequality in developing countries, despite also the distance of opportunities between rich and poor. This distance can be reduced from broad access to education by increasing public investment in education, as provided international agencies like the World Bank and UNESCO. It is believed that the establishment of the process of Corporate Governance in the Public Sector can make mostly internal and external relationships among actors (Government, Society and Business) fairer and more productive, especially when applied to public sector by focusing on control results. In this sense, considering the reform of the state apparatus, the theory of New Public Management as well as the perspective of the role of social and private organizations, and the impacts on Corporate Governance applied to the Public Sector, this study seeks to analyze the results of educational public policies based on indicators built on PNAD - National Household Sample Survey under the aegis of corporate governance theory applied to public sector, focusing on results orientation. Thus the objective is to describe the relationship between the performance of education and specifically in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais in the period 2003 to 2009 budget execution and public policies applied by the Union, states and municipalities, with the focus on basic education and higher, as a prominent element of governance that produces results and meets the aspirations of society. The sample was composed of the PNAD surveys during the government of President Luis Inacio Lula da Silva, with the exception of 2010, in which there is no PNAD pursuant to the achievement of the Census. The panel data from both the PNAD and execution in the Federal Units for education levels (primary and higher education) within the period from 2003 to 2009, we used the methods of quadratic forms, Pearson correlation, canonical correlation and multiple linear regression in order to analyze the behavior of educational variables PNAD thus demonstrating the educational performance backed by the budget execution in the time series from 2003 to 2009. The results indicated that there is a better performance of the application of public resources for education in regular school in grade school, and in years when there are age-grade gap in adolescence. He also showed improvement in the regularity of enrollment of children into mainstream education aged 10 to 14 years. It found low correlation between levels of educational performance and budget execution in Federal Units. As future studies are recommended to replicate this research to all Brazilian states in order to make comparisons of results achieved by each federal unit regarding the performance of the entire country. It is also advisable to carry out independent studies examining the relationship public budget on education versus the goals of the millennium, proposed by the United Nations Organizations.