Projeto de sistema de proteção contra descargas atmosféricas para armazém de silo de grande porte com análise comparativa da aplicação de dispositivos ESE em relação ao sistema convencional conforme a ABNT NBR 5419

Abstract

Lightning strikes represent a relevant risk for large agro-industrial structures, especially grain silo facilities, due to their geometric exposure, metallic structures, combustible dust hazards, and the sensitivity of automation, measurement and control systems. This work analyzes a Lightning Protection System (LPS) project applied to the Ouro Safra facility in Araxá–MG, using the technical drawings of the project as a case study. The methodology was developed based on the ABNT NBR 5419:2026 series, including a preliminary risk assessment, evaluation of air-termination, down-conductor and earthing subsystems, equipotential bonding analysis, definition of Lightning Protection Zones (LPZ) and discussion of Surge Protective Device (SPD) coordination. Additionally, the work compares the conventional solution based on Franklin air terminals with the alternative use of Early Streamer Emission (ESE) air terminals, considering technical materials, foreign standards adopted by the manufacturer, a technical consultation with Indelec and application limitations in the Brazilian context. The results indicate that the choice of air terminal type does not eliminate the need for a systemic LPS approach: down-conductors, earthing, electrical continuity, equipotential bonding, LPZ, SPD coordination, inspection and technical responsibility remain essential for the safety of the installation. Therefore, this work contributes by turning a real silo project into an applied technical analysis, highlighting the points that must be maintained, verified or complemented when comparing a conventional solution with an ESE alternative.