Educação digital no Brasil: trajetórias das políticas públicas de inclusão tecnológica e digital com enfoque no ProInfo e no PIEC

Abstract

This study was developed within the scope of the Professional Master’s Program in Technologies, Communication and Education at the Faculty of Education of the Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU). It addresses the development and effectiveness of federal public educational policies involving digital technologies, from the National Educational Informatics Program – ProInfo (MEC Ordinance No. 522, April 9, 1997) to the Connected Education Innovation Policy (Law No. 14,180/2021). ProInfo was created by the Ministry of Education in April 1997 with the purpose of promoting the use of information and communication technologies as pedagogical enrichment tools in public elementary and secondary education. Subsequently, the Ministry of Education invested in the implementation of programs such as TV Escola and One Computer per Student (UCA), and later in the Connected Education Innovation Policy (PIEC) (Law No. 14,180, July 1, 2021), which proposed the universalization of high-speed internet access and the promotion of the use of digital technologies in education. Although the government proposed the implementation of these actions, their goals have not always been achieved, making it necessary to monitor the development of these public policies related to digital technologies in articulation with the context and needs of schools. Therefore, a qualitative and exploratory study was conducted with the general objective of analyzing the development of Federal Public Policies for Technological and Digital Inclusion in Brazilian public schools, focusing on the National Educational Informatics Program (ProInfo) and the Connected Education Innovation Policy (PIEC), considering their contributions, advances, and challenges for the integration of digital technologies in the educational context. To carry out this investigation, bibliographic and documentary research was conducted in order to gain a better understanding of the programs, as well as the educational context surrounding them. In addition, a systematic literature review was undertaken with the purpose of understanding the knowledge produced by researchers in the field on this topic in recent years, focusing on ProInfo and PIEC, based on publications available in the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD) and the CAPES Journal Portal, covering the period from 2017 to 2024. The research highlighted and analyzed the main milestones and changes that occurred over time regarding the inclusion of digital public policies in Brazil, emphasizing the governmental guidelines formulated in official documents aimed at integrating digital technologies for pedagogical use, as well as the difficulties faced in their implementation. The study made it possible to verify that the actions developed by the Federal Government, although highly relevant, have not yet achieved their intended goals, highlighting the importance of considering the various factors that interfere with their success and the need for greater investment in this area.