Adesão a protocolos de manejo clínico e desfechos maternos e neonatais: estudo observacional em hospital universitário

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the main obstetric complications treated at the Emergency Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of the Clinical Hospital of the Federal University of Uberlândia and to evaluate the association between adherence to institutional clinical management protocols and maternal and neonatal outcomes. This is an observational, retrospective, and descriptive study with a quantitative approach, conducted between January and June 2024, including 180 pregnant and postpartum women with obstetric complications. Sociodemographic variables, obstetric history, types of complications, adherence to protocols, and maternal and neonatal outcomes were analyzed. Adherence was classified into four categories yes, no, partial, and no information), and descriptive statistics, chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests (α = 0.05), and Multiple Correspondence Analysis were applied to explore associations between variables. The sample had a mean age of 28.3 years, predominantly white (49.4%) and mixed-race (43.9%) women, mostly single (80.6%) and with low education levels. The most prevalent complications were gestational diabetes (20.0%), gestational hypertension (15.0%), and urinary tract infection (12.2%). A significant association was observed between adherence to clinical protocols and maternal (Fisher p = 0.006) and neonatal (Fisher p < 0.001) outcomes. It is concluded that effective adherence to clinical protD importance of standardized clinical practices, improved record quality, and multicenter studies aimed at enhancing obstetric care.