Toxoplasmose e sífilis na gestação: um estudo misto e epidemiológico

Abstract

This research analyzed toxoplasmosis and syphilis infections in the gestational context in the municipality of Uberlândia (MG), integrating a field study and documentary epidemiological analysis. The objective of this study was to understand the knowledge of pregnant women and nursing professionals about gestational toxoplasmosis and to characterize the sociodemographic, clinical and territorial profile of pregnant women affected by syphilis, identifying temporal and care patterns. This is a mixed, quantitative study. The field research was carried out at the high-risk pregnancy outpatient clinic of the HC/UFU/EBSERH, with seven pregnant women and three nurses. The documentary stage analyzed 1,815 notifications of gestational syphilis registered in SINAN between 2010 and 2024. The results showed weaknesses in health education about toxoplasmosis, with an association between higher education and previous knowledge, although insufficient to ensure adequate preventive practices. Health vulnerabilities in rural territories and heterogeneity in professional knowledge were identified. Regarding gestational syphilis, there was a concentration of cases in young women, predominantly brown and with low education, non-homogeneous territorial distribution and predominance of diagnoses in the third trimester. A high proportion of untreated partners and relevant incompleteness in notifications stood out. It is concluded that both diseases are related to social determinants of health and weaknesses in surveillance and prenatal care, requiring qualification of educational actions and epidemiological records.