Qualidade de vida no trabalho no serviço público: evidências científicas e um estudo com servidores da Pró-Reitoria de Graduação de uma Universidade Pública de Minas Gerais

Abstract

This research is a dissertation-equivalent work, presented in the form of two scientific articles. The thematic delimitation involves the Quality of Life at Work (QWL) of public servants at a Federal University. Quality of Life at Work is fundamental to the organizational environment, as it influences the behavior of workers both internally and in their lives outside the organization. The objective of this research was to investigate the Quality of Life at Work in the public service, based on scientific evidence and the perception of employees of the Pro- Rectorate of Undergraduate Studies of a Federal University located in the state of Minas Gerais. Scientific evidence was gathered through searches in databases and the analysis of 12 scientific articles published between 2020 and 2025, using thematic content analysis. This analysis revealed that precarious infrastructure, work overload, career stagnation, low professional recognition, and authoritarian management practices negatively impact QWL, contributing to psychological distress, illness, and absenteeism. Conversely, ergonomic interventions, integrative practices, cultural activities, and the planned implementation of telework stood out as promising strategies for promoting health. Empirical research, conducted with 71 employees of the Pro-Rectorate of Undergraduate Studies at a Federal University located in the Triângulo Mineiro region, used open-ended questions and the Total Qualify of Work Life (TQL). Data triangulation revealed discrepancies between quantitative results and the workers' daily experiences, marked by frequent reports of physical and psychological strain, difficulties in balancing professional demands and personal life, infrastructure limitations, obstacles in work organization, and weaknesses in interpersonal relationships. When adopted, telework was perceived as a favorable alternative for improving the quality of life at work. Therefore, the articulation between the results of the integrative review and the data obtained in the empirical investigation allowed for a more comprehensive understanding of the elements that influence the perception of quality of life at work in the analyzed context, highlighting the presence of structural factors, as well as relational and subjective dimensions linked to the work experience in the public sector.