As campanhas de alfabetização de adultos no Brasil: vivências e experiências no Triângulo Mineiro (1947-1985)

Abstract

The study aimed to analyze some experiences and experiences of adult literacy campaigns in Brazil, inciting dichotomies and contradictions in the proposals of the Triângulo Mineiro in the period from 1947 to 1985, whether these initiatives contributed to the reduction of illiteracy and to educational modernization during the period in question, in this region. This work is included in the research field in Education, in the line of research in History and Historiography of Education. The central thesis of this study was to investigate whether adult literacy campaigns in Brazil developed between 1947 and 1985 promoted basic education and influenced the educational modernization of the Triângulo Mineiro. The objectives of this work were: to analyze the adult literacy campaigns in the Triângulo Mineiro in the period from 1947 to 1985; to investigate how these initiatives contributed to the educational modernization in the understand the changes in the approach of public education policies during the period studied. To achieve the proposed objectives, a methodology based on documentary research, historical analysis and new cultural history and oral history was used. We chose not to conduct original interviews, but rather to work with oral statements already recorded in other surveys revealed in the state of knowledge. The narratives were adequately contextualized and aligned to the objectives of this study, which represented valuable sources of historical research. We consult official documents, government reports, dissertations, theses, academic articles and other sources that we consider relevant to address the issue of adult literacy and educational policies in this area in the Triângulo Mineiro. The central problem of this study was to understand how adult literacy policies have adapted to the political and social changes that occurred between 1947 and 1985, especially considering the transition period to military dictatorship. The categories of analysis that permeated this research include: illiteracy and its social and economic implications, educational modernization and public literacy policies, impact of political changes in the approach to literacy campaigns. This study was motivated by the need to understand how literacy policies contributed to educational and social transformation in Brazil, especially given the political changes that marked the period from 1947 to 1985. The research seeks to clarify the problem of illiteracy, exploring the nuances of educational modernization and its implications for Brazilian society. This study is based on the references of History and Historiography of Education, in dialogue with the School of Annales (Febvre, Bloch, Braudel, Le Goff), the New Cultural History (Chartier, Revel) and micro-history (Ginzburg, Levi), in addition to the contributions of Paulo Freire and Brazilian authors such as Saviani and Reis, which allow us to understand adult literacy campaigns in their social, cultural and political dimensions.