Cuidados de enfermagem com lacerações perineais no pós-parto vaginal: uma revisão integrativa da literatura

Abstract

Objective: To identify, in the scientific literature, the main evidence on the care and guidance to be offered to women with perineal lacerations after vaginal delivery. Methods: This is an integrative literature review based on PRISMA recommendations, with articles published between 2015 and 2024. The following guiding question was used: “What care is provided in cases of perineal lacerations after childbirth?”. The bibliographic search was conducted between January and May 2025, in the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE/PubMed), Virtual Health Library (VHL), ScienceDirect, and Web of Science (WOS) databases. The following Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) were used: Perineum, Lacerations, Therapeutic Nursing, Care, and Postpartum Period, combined by the Boolean operator “AND.” Results: A total of 131 studies were found, and 9 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected, addressing postpartum perineal care. Final considerations: The study highlights the diversity of methodologies in postpartum perineal care, with cryotherapy being the most widely used and highlighting the absence of standardized protocols. Most studies present immediate results, limiting the evaluation of long-term effects.