Uma arquitetura de ambiente virtual interativo suportada por imagens aéreas e esféricas para visualização de dados e de diagrama unifilar de subestações de energia elétrica

Abstract

Electrical substations are critical infrastructures whose complexity and high voltage levels require solutions that ensure safety, agile navigation, and efficient maintenance. This research developed a navigable digital platform designed to integrate and visualize orthomosaic images generated by drones, CAD (Computer-Aided Design) plans, and spherical georeferenced images captured at different points in the substation yard. The interactive interface allows switching between layers and links each piece of equipment to its single-line diagram, enabling immediate access to technical specifications and safety guidelines. The methodology involves visual data capture, photogrammetric processing, georeferencing via control points, and integration into a database with each asset's attributes. The results demonstrate that virtual navigation reduces the time needed for inspection, accelerates the identification of critical equipment, and improves communication between teams, speeding up response times in preventive and corrective maintenance. The usage of drones, digital modeling, and spherical images in a unified environment represents a significant advance in modernizing the substation operation and monitoring practices, promoting greater efficiency, safety, and reliability in the management of these critical assets.