Concepções de infância e adolescência em artigos sobre medidas socioeducativas de privação de liberdade: revisão sistemática

Abstract

This undergraduate thesis aims to reflect on the place of childhood and adolescence within the context of socio-educational measures involving deprivation of liberty in Brazil. It includes a historical and social contextualization, as well as theoretical frameworks that foster discussions about adolescents in conflict with the law in scientific literature. The general objective is to understand how the concepts of childhood and adolescence have been employed in articles addressing the topic of socio-educational measures involving deprivation of liberty, published in scientific journals between 1990 and 2016.To this end, a systematic review of 56 articles was conducted, located through searches in SciELO, LILACS, and BVS databases. The articles were thoroughly read to extract information regarding publication date and the journal in which each article appeared. In addition to this information, the data extraction sought to identify: (a) ideas, concepts, and theories used by the authors to define and discuss the notions of childhood and adolescence throughout the text; and (b) the authors and theorists with whom these articles engaged in dialogue when presenting their conceptions of children and adolescents. Based on the extracted information, the articles were divided and grouped into five theoretical categories, according to the frameworks that supported their conceptions of childhood and adolescence: (1) traditional perspective anchored in Brazilian legislation, (2) psychosocial perspective, (3) historical-cultural perspective, (4) psychoanalytic perspective, and (5) other perspectives. From the analysis of the results, a predominance of studies grounded in a more traditional and reductionist view of adolescence and the infractional act was identified, as well as a limited number of texts presenting more critical conceptions regarding the institutionalization of adolescents in conflict with the law.