Da segregação social indígena à refundação nacional no governo Evo Morales: uma análise do filme Evo Pueblo (2007)

Abstract

The article analyzes Bolivia's historical and political trajectory, from the colonial foundation of inequality to the rise of Evo Morales and his representation in the film Evo Pueblo (dir. Tonchy Antezana, 2007). It starts from the notion that the country has been marked by a persistent duality—the exclusion of the indigenous and peasant majorities in favor of the white and mestizo elites—which has structured both the economy and citizenship. The first section explores how the colonial and republican heritage forged a deeply hierarchical society, marked by ruptures and continuities until the National Revolution of 1952 and its aftermath. The second section examines the trajectory of Evo Morales and the dilemmas of his government, articulating concepts such as “plebeian nation” (García Linera) and “abigarrada society” (Zavaleta Mercado). Finally, the third section interprets the film Evo Pueblo as a device for symbolic construction that reinforces the image of Morales as a messianic leader and refounder of the state. It concludes that the film, while celebrating a historic rupture, also conceals the structural continuities that mark Bolivian society.