Importância dos cotilédones e dos eófilos durante o desenvolvimento inicial em Hymenaea courbaril l. (fabaceae)

Abstract

The constant degradation of the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest is very concerning. Both biomes have high biodiversity, reinforcing the need to restore their areas. One species with important socioeconomic, environmental, and cultural value present in both is Hymenaea courbaril, commonly known as jatobá-da-mata. Thus, it is important to understand how the initial development of this species occurs, since it is a likely option for ecological restoration programs. This study investigated morphophysiological responses of Hymenaea courbaril seedlings subjected to partial (50%) and total (100%) removal of their cotyledons and eophylls during the early stage of development. The experiment was carried out in a shaded nursery, using a randomized block design. Gas exchange, biometric variables, and biomass partitioning were evaluated. The results showed that both treatments with total removal of cotyledons and eophylls triggered compensatory responses, as the plants presented increase in the net carbon dioxide (CO2) assimilation rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration in the remaining vegetative organs. Despite showing a compensatory responses, their growth did not match that of the control group, as individuals with removed structures showed lower height, leaf area, and dry mass. Therefore, a redirection of biomass to stem and root as a survival strategy in the face of the loss of initial reserves could be observed. Although H. courbaril shows a high capacity for survival under early damage, removing its cotyledons and eophylls compromises its growth, highlighting a trade-off between immediate survival and future performance. These results make relevant contributions to seedling production and to ecological restoration programs involving this species.