OS 200 anos de Brasil independente para crianças: narrativas em circulação na internet

Abstract

The topic of our research is the online productions about the 200th anniversary of Brazil's independence for children. Our problem was formulated as follows: among the productions about the Bicentennial of Brazil's Independence that circulated online for children, what are the various competing historical approaches? This work aims to understand the historical approaches of the productions that circulated online for children during the period of celebration of the Bicentennial of Brazil's Independence (2017-2023). Within the scope of Cultural Studies, we identify and analyze the productions that circulated through didactic, literary, supplementary written, audiovisual, and visual productions aimed at children, seeking to understand the disputes between those that perpetuate the exaltation of the actions of figures from the political and economic elite and those that give visibility to multiple historical subjects and their different projects for Brazil. To this end, we drew on historiographical writings on Brazilian Independence published on the occasion of the Bicentennial and on the concepts of Historical Culture and Culture of History, Historical Memory and Commemorations, History, and History Teaching in Times of Digital Culture. After analyzing the 15 productions, we concluded that materials were produced and remain available today that can be classified into four categories: 1) productions that contribute to the perpetuation of the official history of Independence; 2) productions that broaden the approach to official history without criticizing it; 3) productions that criticize the official history of Brazil's independence from Portugal; and 4) productions that address other struggles for freedom throughout the 200 years of independent Brazil, beyond Brazil's independence from Portugal. Thus, the productions analyzed demonstrate the diversity of multimedia materials that can be explored in schools. What falls to us as educators is to select and confront them, to put into discussion other possibilities of conceiving and teaching History, of understanding the 200 years of Independent Brazil.