Orientação Para O Desenvolvimento De Projetos E Orçamentação Com Base Em Softwares BIM: Foco Em Obras Públicas De Edificações

Abstract

Budgeting is a crucial step in the execution of engineering projects. For federal public works, this phase is primarily based on the National System of Civil Construction Cost and Index Research (SINAPI). Building Information Modeling (BIM) is an efficient methodology for project development; however, improvements to the process are still needed to optimize project budgeting. Although the use of BIM for public works has been mandatory in Brazil since 2021, there is a shortage of standards and documents that clarify the practical criteria for its use. The Systematic Literature Mapping (SLM) identified, among the knowledge gaps, the need for a step-by-step guide to help designers and estimators implement BIM in their daily work. Therefore, this research aimed to develop a guidance manual for developing BIM projects and budgets with a focus on public works. For this purpose, projects for a building at the Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU) were used. The architectural, structural, and plumbing models were developed using Revit, Eberick, and Builder software, respectively. The budget was created using the Orçafascio platform plugin, OrçaBIM. Analysis of the Project Breakdown Structure (WBS), the original budget compositions developed in 2013, and comparison with the compositions available in SINAPI in 2024 revealed that the latter are more specific and inclusive, necessitating a more appropriate project to ensure budget accuracy. The conclusion is that external BIM modeling for budgeting should be aligned with the selection of service compositions, requiring collaborative work between the estimator and designer. For some items, the modeling effort is greater, while for others, detailed modeling is not required. Not all project items are linked to BIM, but manual linking is available. Using BIM has proven effective for updating budgets initially prepared in BIM and for developing collaborative work. Linking compositions and project items follows the same line of reasoning for all disciplines, and the estimator's expertise is essential for this work. There are still limitations to using BIM for developing projects and budgets; however, this work represents progress for the day-to-day work of professionals who develop them.