Hemorragia pós-parto: diagnóstico precoce e manejo eficaz

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of different strategies for early diagnosis and management of postpartum hemorrhage, to identify best practices and guidelines in obstetric care. Methodology: Descriptive study of the integrative literature review type. A bibliographic survey was carried out via the Federated Academic Community, support offered by the Portal for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel. Results: The search resulted in 337 articles for reading the titles and abstracts. Based on full reading, nine complete articles with no language restriction on the topic that were available in full with free access, peer reviewed, and published between 2019 and 2023, were elected. From the selection, two categories were created: "Barriers noted in the implementation of early diagnosis and management of postpartum hemorrhage" and "Adherence to the integration of early diagnosis and management of postpartum hemorrhage indicating better obstetric results". Discussion: From the categorization, barriers and adherence to the integration of early diagnosis and management of postpartum hemorrhage were identified. Among these is the recognition of risk factors, assessment of blood loss based on body weight, induction of labor, forceps, episiotomy, operative delivery and preparation of the team. Regarding adherence to diagnosis and treatment, it was observed that nursing protocols, training, technical skills, use of technologies to quantify blood loss and gravimetric method are effective in reducing the results and complications of hemorrhage cases. Conclusion: It is concluded that visual estimation is not effective, and the use of gravimetric methods and technologies is more accurate in the quantification of blood loss. Early diagnosis is of fundamental importance for prevention and management, in addition to considering the continuing professional training and technical skills of the team that works in the care support of women. The limitations are related to the absence of national studies published in recent years. Keywords: Postpartum Hemorrhage; Blood Loss; Emergencies; Urgency; Patient Assistance.