Oferta de implantes no Sistema Único de Saúde no Brasil: um estudo observacional de tendências temporais (2010 a 2023)

Abstract

Objective: to analyze the evolution of the supply of osseointegrated dental implant procedures performed by the Unified Health System (SUS) in Brazilian municipalities, from 2010 to 2023, and to investigate the correlation with municipal socioeconomic variables. Methodology: secondary data regarding implant production were obtained from the SUS Information Technology Department (DATASUS), conducted in accordance with RECORD (REporting of studies Conducted using Observational Routinely-collected Data). Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI) and Gini index of municipalities were obtained from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Multilevel linear regression analyses were performed to verify the temporal trend of implant production, and Spearman correlation analysis was performed to examine the relationship between the implant ratio and municipal indicators. Results: there was a stationary trend in the supply of implants during the analyzed period (p-value: 0.69). The South region concentrated the largest gross number of implants, followed by the Northeast region. An inverse correlation was observed between implant rates and the municipal indicators GDP (rs=-0.481), HDI (rs=-0.251) and Gini index (rs=-0.510). Conclusions: the supply of dental implants by the SUS remained stable during the period. Despite the greater concentration of procedures in the South region, an inverse correlation was observed between implant rates and indicators such as GDP and HDI. These results indicate that the supply of implants was not necessarily linked to the level of economic development of the municipalities, but possibly reflected structural inequalities and factors related to access to health services.