Evasão de professores, sucateamento do ensino público e a desvalorização profissional no Brasil: causas, impactos e soluções.

Abstract

The precariousness of teachers' work and the decay of public schools configure a multifaceted crisis in the Brazilian educational system, with impacts that transcend school walls. Teacher attrition, driven by low salaries, inadequate working conditions, and lack of social recognition, represents a central challenge. This problem is aggravated by the lack of investment in infrastructure and pedagogical resources, compromising the quality of education offered. Professional devaluation, manifested in the lack of career prospects and the increasing pressure on educators, contributes to disinterest in the profession and the consequent scarcity of new talents. Regional inequalities in salary valorization policies and working conditions amplify the crisis, generating disparities in access to quality education in different regions of the country. The influence of neoliberal perspectives on educational policies intensifies precariousness, with the requirement of multiple functions for teachers without adequate support. This logic, combined with the prioritization of measurable results to the detriment of teachers' well-being and continuing education, contributes to professional burnout and career abandonment. The present analysis seeks to explore the causes, impacts, and possible solutions to this problem, considering the complex interaction between structural, economic, and social factors that affect Brazilian public education.