Avaliação da Efetividade da Estação de Tratamento de Esgoto (ETE) Uberabinha em Uberlândia – MG

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of wastewater treatment performed by the Uberabinha Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP Uberabinha), located in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The research analyzed physicochemical and microbiological parameters of the water before and after treatment, comparing the results to the standards established by CONAMA Resolution No. 430/2011. The parameters evaluated included Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), ammoniacal nitrogen, settleable solids, Escherichia coli, total phosphorus, pH, and electrical conductivity. The results demonstrated satisfactory efficiency in the removal of organic matter (BOD) and microbiological disinfection (E. coli), complying with legal requirements. However, significant deficiencies were identified in the removal of ammoniacal nitrogen and settleable solids, with values exceeding the permitted limits in all analyzed samples. In addition, residual COD and total phosphorus levels indicated limitations for water reuse and potential environmental risks, such as eutrophication. Based on the findings, measures were proposed to enhance treatment efficiency, including the implementation of advanced nitrification/denitrification processes, phosphorus removal, modernization of the sedimentation system, and the addition of tertiary polishing stages. It is concluded that WWTP Uberabinha plays a crucial role in the basic sanitation of Uberlândia, but requires investments and improvements to ensure compliance with stricter environmental standards and promote the sustainability of water resources.