Soluções de Segurança Eletrônica em Usinas Fotovoltaicas: Tecnologias e Estratégias para Proteção de Infraestruturas Críticas

Abstract

The growing demand for clean and renewable energy sources has driven the expansion of photovoltaic power plants (UFVs) across Brazil. However, these critical infrastructures face various operational and security challenges, especially due to their locations — whether in urban areas, where the risk of theft and vandalism is higher, or in rural zones, which are more exposed to wildfires, lightning strikes, and logistical difficulties. In this context, electronic security systems emerge as a strategic tool to ensure the continuity of energy generation and the protection of equipment. This study aims to analyze and compare different electronic security strategies used in UFVs, focusing on three technologies: barrier sensors, video analytics cameras, and sensitive fiber optics. The methodology involves a theoretical review of perimeter security and photovoltaic generation concepts, along with the simulation of real application scenarios using AutoCAD and IP Video System Design Tool to assess the implementation of the proposed systems in different environments. The results identify the advantages, limitations, and ideal application conditions of each technology, providing technical insights for selecting more effective and cost-efficient solutions. Thus, this study contributes to the development of more robust security projects tailored to the specific characteristics of each type of plant, in line with the growing demand for reliability and protection in the solar energy sector.