O conceito sartreano de alteridade em “Que é a Literatura?”

Abstract

This work proposes an analysis of the issue of alterity in the works of Jean-Paul Sartre. The main objective is to investigate how the french philosopher approaches and bases this idea from the notions of freedom and responsibility. The relationship between me and another and, mainly, between writer and reader will constitute the specific axis of this research, using the following basic references: "Being and Nothingness", "No Exit", "The responsibility of the writer" and "What is literature?". Our analysis starts from the sartrean phenomenological ontology to point out that the concept of intersubjectivity is understood in the conflicting relationship between two or more consciousnesses in a process of mutual and undefined modification. Next, we will examine the implications of this discussion on the relationship between the writer and his audience (reader), highlighting in particular the requirement of responsibility linked to the act of writing. Finally, we will demonstrate that the commitment of literature to the present time, which presupposes the realization of freedom, allows the conception of a project of generosity in the field of human actions in the world.