Percepção de usuários de rodovias sobre o atropelamento de animais silvestres

Abstract

The roadkill of wild animals on highways represents one of the main threats to Brazilian biodiversity, directly impacting several species. This study aimed to evaluate the social perception of this problem and the acceptance of mitigating measures, in addition to outlining the sociodemographic profile of the participants. The research was conducted through a semi-structured questionnaire, with 16 open and closed questions, applied at the main entrance of Sabiá Park, in Uberlândia-MG, totaling 104 interviewees. The profile of the respondents was characterized by a majority of young adults (44.23%), a male predominance (62.5%), and complete higher education (41.3%), reflecting current urban population dynamics. [CFCR1] Among the threats pointed out to wild fauna, roadkill (7.8%), human beings (15.0%), deforestation (15.0%), fires (14.4%), and illegal hunting (14.4%) stood out. Another observed factor was regarding having a driver's license; 85.58% stated they possessed the document, and 6.73% reported driving despite not having one. Regarding the use of highways for travel, 40.6% of the interviewees reported using them for monthly trips. The majority of participants (89.6%) recognized roadkill as a relevant environmental problem, although a lack of awareness regarding the real magnitude of the problem was evident. Despite the lack of technical knowledge, many drivers reported conscious behaviors, such as reducing speed (83.6%), swerving (50.7%), or stopping (34.3%) when spotting animals on the roads. However, none of the participants provided an estimate close to the actual number of annual roadkills in Brazil, with more than half of the respondents estimating that fewer than 100,000 animals die per year (53%). Regarding mitigation strategies, more than half of the interviewees (55%) stated that they would accept paying an additional amount on tolls, provided that it was intended for the protection of fauna. Values between 10% and 20% of increase were pointed out as socially acceptable, provided there is transparency in the application of resources. Gender differences were also observed: men reported more experiences with roadkill (50.74%), possibly due to driving more frequently, but both men and women showed concern about the issue, reinforcing the importance of inclusive educational campaigns. It is concluded that, although there are knowledge gaps, the interviewees demonstrate sensitivity and willingness to collaborate with the conservation of wild fauna, provided that adequate and well-communicated means are offered.