Produtividade, qualidade física e sensorial de cultivares Coffea arabica L. no Cerrado Mineiro

Abstract

Coffee cultivated in the Cerrado Mineiro region, due to its favorable climatic conditions and topography suitable for mechanized management, is recognized for its high quality. The selection of genetic material and proper management practices are of utmost importance to achieve high productivity and beverage quality. This experiment was conducted with the objective of evaluating the performance of Coffea arabica L. cultivars in the Cerrado Mineiro region – MG, based on productivity, physical classification of the beans, and sensory analysis. The experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo Campus. The coffee plantation was established in January 2022, using a drip irrigation system, in a randomized block design (RBD) with five blocks and six treatments represented by the cultivars IPR 106, Arara, MGS Paraíso 2, Catucaí Amarelo 20/15 cv 479, MGS Aranãs and Catuaí Amarelo. The first crop was harvested by manual stripping on the cloth in the months of May and June 2024, with the percentage of coffee fruits in the green, green cane, cherry, raisin and dry stages being evaluated, and the brix values being measured using a portable refractometer. After drying and processing, the data were converted into processed coffee productivity (60 kg ha-1 bags) and yield (liters of farm coffee and coconut coffee to make up a bag of processed coffee). The beans were classified according to size and shape and subjected to sensory analysis. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the F-test, and means were compared by Tukey’s test at the 5% significance level. No significant differences were observed in productivity among the cultivars, with an average yield of 27.69 bags ha-1 . However, the Catuaí Amarelo cultivar showed superior cherry-toprocessed coffee yield compared to IPR 106 and Arara. For physical classification, IPR 106 stood out with an average increase of 9.66% in large flat beans compared to Catucaí Amarelo and Catuaí Amarelo. The Arara cultivar presented a lower percentage of small peaberry beans compared to MGS Paraíso 2. All cultivars produced coffee classified in the specialty category.