As mulheres e o casamento na coluna "Da Mulher Para a Mulher": Uma análise a partir das legislações e da revista O Cruzeiro em 1962

Abstract

This research presents an analysis and writing of the History of Women through the idea of marriage spread from the Civil Code of 1916, the Statute of Married Women of 1962 and the column “From woman to woman” in the magazine O Cruzeiro in 1962. Throughout the work we seek to recover the implications of marriage on women's lives and the processes of construction of devices that reinforced certain colonial standards regarding single women and married women in 1962. Based on an analysis of the discourse present in the laws and in the magazine, as well as a semiotic approach, we uncover several female movements and put the centrality and power of women in society on the agenda. When we chose the year 1962 as a cutoff for the analysis of the column “From Woman to Woman”, we identified several movements that indicated the fight against female rights and the attempt to construct an image of a single woman and an “ideal” married woman, thinking that single women should be educated for marriage. In this sense, the weekly chronicles and advertisements were aligned with patriarchal precepts, working to build and reinforce an idea of male superiority and male inferiority, based on a natural order. At the same time, we also highlighted the movement of women around this construction. Nothing was being posited and accepted passively. Both the laws and the writing of the periodical are the result of women's concerns and struggles, inside and outside the home. The research also points to the need to write Women's History from a gender intersectionality, as this approach is recent, and the largest number of historiographical works have a narrative based on male action. As women are active participants in all social, legislative and cultural processes, the research highlights the need to see these movements, which are now erased, so that historical analysis is not reduced to an androcentric vision.