A Expansão dos BRICS e o Desafio à Hegemonia dos Estados Unidos: Teoria e Evidência da Nova Ordem Mundial

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze the origin, evolution and impact of the BRICS on U.S. hegemony, in the context of the construction of a new world order. To this end, it employs an econometric panel data methodology to test the hypothesis that the BRICS have played an active role in the geopolitical, economic, and military spheres. The results indicate that the political stability and military spending of the member countries have had a significant influence on the shaping of a new world order, reinforcing the thesis that the BRICS have the capacity to challenge U.S. hegemony. Despite American power, internal limitations, and the challenges faced by the bloc, the BRICS have been fostering a growing influence on the global order, promoting a more multipolar governance.