Técnicas de monitoramento e previsão de recalque em fundações - estudo de caso

Abstract

Traditional structural calculations assumes that buildings are supported by fixed supports, without considering soil displacements. Constructions are divided into superstructure, infrastructure and foundation soil, focusing on load capacity and structural design. However, settlement, or vertical soil deformation, can cause anything from minor cracks to building collapse. Monitoring these settlements is crucial for comparing projected and actual performance, thus preventing structural pathologies, such as cracks and serious issues. Differential settlement is particularly concerning, as it can compromise building safety. Despite this, settlement monitoring is often undervalued in conventional construction due to a lack of awareness and a focus on cost reduction. This study aims to present settlement monitoring tools for civil engineering projects and to predict the settlement for the “Allma” building, located in Jardim Karaíba, Uberlândia, MG, based on project data. The results will be compared with regulatory standards to verify the reliability of these estimates. Based on studies conducted following the limits established by Vargas and Silva (1973), it was determined that the expected settlements for the foundation of the "Allma" project do not pose risks to the structural stability or differential deformations. While these predictions, based on project data, are indicative, there are not definitive. Therefore, it is essential to carry out actual monitoring over time to validate these estimates and to implement preventive or corrective measures as needed, ensuring the building’s safety and stability.