Explorando relacionamentos afetivos em adolescentes: Revisão de literatura e oficinas expressivas

Abstract

The present master's dissertation investigates intimate partner violence among adolescents from an interdisciplinary perspective that combines the analysis of scientific production and the perception of adolescents themselves from a municipal school in Uberlândia through expressive workshops. Although violence is a complex and multifactorial problem, this study focused on understanding how it occurs among adolescents in their relationships and the implications of this issue, serving as a contribution to future studies on effective prevention and intervention strategies. The first article is a literature review that investigated articles published between 2013 and 2024 addressing intimate partner violence among adolescents in Brazil, accessed through the following databases/portals: Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), The Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and the Portal Regional da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), as well as through the Google Scholar platform. The descriptors selected for tracking publications were: "violence," "intimate partners," "adolescence," "women," "Brazil," and "prevention." The goal was to understand the magnitude of the problem and identify the factors involved. The analysis of the seven selected articles revealed the alarming magnitude of violence among adolescents, highlighting the prevalence of physical and psychological violence in their intimate relationships. This shocking reality not only affects the health and well-being of young people but also has lasting consequences on their personal and social development. To understand the issue from the possibility of interaction with adolescents, a field research was proposed, which resulted in the second article, based on expressive workshops conducted in six meetings with adolescents aged 13 to 18 from a municipal school in Uberlândia. Between 4 and 16 adolescents participated in the meetings, and the article highlights three categories of analysis: (1) The virtualization of relationships, (2) Control over girls and permission for boys: the relationship between adults and adolescents at the beginning of their emotional lives, and (3) Violence in relationships. The workshops provided a safe, confidential, and interactive environment to discuss sensitive topics. Although challenges were faced, such as the initial resistance of adolescents and the need to adapt to their diverse realities, the workshops allowed for frank and honest conversations through workshops and dynamics about experiences of violence and intimate relationships. Furthermore, the workshops provided a deeper understanding of adolescents' needs and desires, such as criticism of superficial and short-lived relationships through technology, perception and experiences of gender inequality in the family nucleus, all highlighting the need and importance of including important figures in their lives, such as parents and teachers, in prevention strategies. Although time was limited, this work offers an advance in the understanding and prevention of intimate partner violence among adolescents. Future research could benefit from longitudinal studies to assess the ongoing impacts of interventions and investigate the inclusion of important figures in adolescents' lives.