A Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment (PGII) no contexto da competição estratégica sino-americana e ascensão chinesa na geopolítica mundial

Abstract

In a geopolitical context of China's unprecedented rise - especially after the success of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) - in which China has shown significant economic growth and occupied the position of one of the largest economies in the world, the United States has come to characterize the Asian giant as one of today's main economic adversaries. In 2022, the United States, in partnership with the G7 countries, presented the Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investments (PGII), an alternative initiative for infrastructure projects in low and middle-income countries. This article aims to understand, through a bibliographical review of renowned authors from International Political Economy field and the descriptive-analytical method, the proposed structure of the PGII, the main projects and investments envisioned, to understand how the foreign policy strategies of the United States are shaped to maintain its economic hegemony, especially in key regions such as the Indo-Pacific, through the India-Middle East-Europe Corridor (IMEC) project. The Western initiative still has several gaps that make it difficult to fully implement and compare with the more mature BRI. Being the pivot that facilitates infrastructure development in different low and middle-income countries is interesting for both economies, which is why Sino-American tensions still run deep and future developments in international relations are complex.