Microalgas nativas no tratamento de efluente suíno

Abstract

The new sanitation concept aims to obtain maximum energy and nutrients, minimizing the use of potable water and micropollutant emissions in fallen water and soil. Anaerobic reactors have the ability to remove high loads of organic matter, helping in the sequential cultivation of microalgae. These microalgae can effectively assimilate particles, phosphorus, CO2 and other macro and micronutrients from wastewater, converting them into algal biomass with consequent removal of nutrients and organic matter from the treated effluent. In this context, using raw effluent from swine farming, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of luminosity, effluent dilution and mechanics on the ability of native microalgae to remove total phosphorus nutrients and develop total phosphorus, in addition to carbonaceous organic matter to from indirect parameters such as BOD and COD. The monitored pH, temperature and suspended solids parameters help in the evaluation of the physical and chemical phenomena that influenced the biomass enrichment. In general, the increase in light intensity also increased the nutrient removal capacity. The mechanics and dilution of the feed effluent was not a relevant factor to produce nutrient removal results between treatments according to the statistical method of multiple comparisons of Kruskal Wallis with a significance level of 95%, so in both cases with a p- value greater than 0.05. Conventional treatments were able to achieve an average of 80% phosphorus removal for the four lamp treatment (16000 lux) and 90% water removal for the three lamp treatment (12000 lux). The COD reached a maximum of 92% removal in the treatment with 2 lamps (8000 lux) and the BOD reached 99% removal in the treatments with 2 lamps (8000 lux) and with natural light.