Efeito neuroprotetor do resveratrol sobre prejuízos da memória e sociabilidade em filhotes fêmeas de mães Balb-C tratadas com antígenos suspensos na vacina influenza tetravalente

Abstract

Mental disorders are an important public health problem, impacting the world economy. Events that occur during pregnancy and that activate the maternal immune system (maternal immune activation) can predispose to changes in the behavior of adult offspring, causing disorders such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia and autism. Resveratrol, a substance found in the skin of purple grapes, has been considered a promising treatment due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This research project evaluated the effect of the tetravalent influenza vaccine as an agent that induces maternal immune activation in pregnant Balb C mice and its impact on behaviors related to sociability and memory, in adult female offspring, through social interaction and object recognition tests. ; investigated a possible neuroprotective effect of resveratrol, administered by gavage to pregnant mothers, in adult female offspring, according to the design: G1: Mothers who received 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose by gavage (1 dose of 100 μL per day), from E0 to E21 + 1 intramuscular injection of PBS at E16 (1 μL/g); G2: Mothers who received 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose by gavage (1 dose of 100 μL per day), from E0 to E21 + 1 intramuscular injection of tetravalent influenza vaccine at E16 (1 μL/g); G3: Mothers who received resveratrol by gavage 1 dose of 100 μL per day), from E0 to E21 + 1 intramuscular injection of PBS at E16 (1 μL/g); G4: Mothers who received resveratrol by gavage (1 dose of 100 μL per day), from E0 to E21 + 1 intramuscular injection of tetravalent influenza vaccine at E16 (1 μL/g). When females reached adulthood, their behaviors were evaluated in the Object Recognition (RO) and Social Interaction (SI) tests. In the RO test, statistical analysis showed that for the different groups, the animals did not distinguish between the new object (ON) and the familiar object (OF), since there was no significant difference in the exploration time of the two objects. In the Sociability test (T1 of IS), G1 animals interacted significantly more with the unknown animal (A) than with the empty cage (C), validating the control group (p ≤ 0,05). In G4, resveratrol had a favorable effect, that is, the animals interacted significantly more with (A) than with (C) (p ≤ 0,05). In the Preference for social novelty test (T2 of IS), G1 animals interacted significantly more with the unfamiliar animal (A) than with the familiar animal (C), validating the control (p ≤ 0,05). The other groups did not obtain a significant difference in this test.