A percepção dos serviços de saúde pelas grades de uma penitenciária

Abstract

Introduction: It is known that the population in penitentiaries lives in sub-human conditions and health care is one of the bottlenecks of the prison system. As a result, it is necessary to diagnose living conditions, considering the process of illness and care for people deprived of their liberty. Objective: To carry out a diagnosis of social and health conditions considering the process of illness and care for people deprived of liberty. Methodology: Epidemiological, cross-sectional, exploratory, descriptive and explanatory research, with a quantitative and qualitative approach, associated with bibliographic and field review. It took place in a maximum security penitentiary, strictly public managed, located in the rural area of the municipality of Uberlândia. It was carried out with 75 male inmates, 25 female inmates and 8 employees. It used two data collection instruments, developed by the authors, with questions that addressed the sociodemographic, epidemiological and health profile of the participants. Data analysis took place with the aid of Microsoft Excel® software in which responses were transcribed and quantitative data analyzed by means, medians, absolute and relative frequencies and qualitative data by Thematic Content Analysis. Results: Results are presented in categories. The first refers to the researcher’s ethnographic perspective. Subsequently, the results collected from the inmates are presented and finally, the data collected from the workers is demonstrated. The predominant age range of those imprisoned was between 26 and 42 years old and of those detained between 43 and 52 years old. The representation of black and brown male and female racial issues totaled more than 80%. The majority, 63% of inmates, were detained in the municipality of Uberlândia. The main health symptom presented by detained participants was anguish and anxiety, 65% and 76% respectively. Among workers, there was a 75% predominance of males, 62.5% of whom were married and had a maximum length of service of 17 years. It is noted that 50% of these workers reported that they were not satisfied professionally. Issues of change in appetite, appearance of dermatological problems and coughing were reported by 12.5% of professionals. Another relevant data in the research in question was in relation to knowledge of the National Policy for Comprehensive Health Care for People Deprived of Liberty in the Prison System, in which only 12.5% report knowing it and health professionals are unaware of the autonomy to carry out the comprehensive care for people deprived of their liberty. Conclusion: The physical and health conditions of those deprived of their liberty at the Professor Pimenta da Veiga Penitentiary do not meet legislative requirements, as the National Policy for Comprehensive Health Care for People Deprived of Liberty in the Prison System has not yet been applied at the Professor Pimenta da Veiga Penitentiary. Veiga, it is therefore not possible to fully offer the safety and health conditions of its custodians. Therefore, the prison environment is harmful to inmates and prison workers who are affected by the evil that the environment proposes. Furthermore, the lack of knowledge of professionals about the Legislation highlights a lack of care on the part of government entities, as even the service providers and managers themselves do not have knowledge of what the regulation covers regarding the right to health, whether of professionals or inmates, it is not possible to promote health with dignity for anyone involved.