Adaptação e reforma da habitação social para renda: Análises para intervenções mais resilientes

Abstract

Social Housing (HS), offered by the Minha Casa Minha Vida Program (PMCMV) in Brazil, since 2009, has been the target of studies and research that focus on the low quality of its projects and consequent constructions, in addition to the lack of spatial flexibility and environmental comfort. This research is part of the scope of a larger research project entitled [RESILIENT HOUSE], by the [MORA] Research group, which aims to evaluate the factors that constitute resilience in the built environment in Brazilian social housing, identifying its main design attributes. The research methodology is organized into (i) Bibliographic research; (ii)Preliminary document review; (iii)Case Study; (iv)Systematic review of Literature; (v) Field Research and (vi) Propositional Research: strategies for reforms. The case study analyzed in the research is part of the PMCMV, dealing with two sets of social housing, one with a single-story and semi-detached type located in Residential Sucesso Brasil and the other with a single-story isolated type in Residential Pequis, both in the city of Uberlândia. The main objective of this master's thesis is to evaluate the actions resulting from the adaptation and renovation of social housing for income and to promote more resilient architectural design strategies aimed at residents, architects and service providers. Within the secondary objectives of the research, it was possible to evaluate the indicators of spatial flexibility and environmental comfort using the resilience ruler instrument, identifying the impacts suffered and adaptations and renovations carried out in HS to generate income. Several of the renovations and adaptations in the HS in the case study are carried out by the residents themselves in order to adapt the housing for day-to-day activities and income generation. These adjustments are not foreseen in the embryo project delivered and are not accompanied by technical assistance. Thus, the research results indicate that houses undergoing renovations and adaptations without technical assistance presented construction problems after expansion, such as: errors in closing frames, compromising ventilation and lighting. Although the architectural design and construction characteristics are different in the two study objects, the level of resilience evidenced by the ruler instrument was the least resilient parameter (scale 2) in the two calibrated atribbutes: spatial flexibility and environmental comfort.