Implicações do processo de trabalho na saúde do triagista clínico de doadores de sangue sob a perspectiva da gestão

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to analyze managers' perception of the work process of clinical triagists and the likely presence of risks of illness for these healthcare workers. Clinical screening is a fundamental step in the process of selecting candidates suitable for blood donation. It is carried out through a detailed interview and brief physical examination, aiming to identify compliance with the requirements of Brazilian legislation. It is a repetitive work process, which requires technical qualification, concentration, dynamism, interpretation of verbal and non-verbal languages, achievement of goals and continuous monitoring of screening time and waiting time for care, among other requirements. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to understand the perspective of managers, regarding the implications of the work process on the health of clinical screeners, in search of promoting protective and health promotion strategies, adding contributions to the quality of life at work of these professionals. METHODOLOGY: This was a study with a quantitative, descriptive approach. Intentional sample, made up of nursing managers and technical managers/coordinators, from blood centers, blood centers, collection units of State Blood Networks, which collect blood from donors. We had the participation of (n= 31; 56.36%) respondents to the survey. Data were collected using validated instruments, namely: 01 (one) socio-professional and demographic questionnaire; and 04 (four) Assessment Scales from the Inventory on Work and Illness Risks – ITRA, which were sent electronically. The study was conducted in 04 states in southeastern Brazil, in public state blood networks, which make up the State Health System and the National System of Blood, Components and Derivatives – SINASAN, and are linked to the Brazilian State Health Departments, and follow the principles and guidelines of the National Policy on Blood, Components and Blood Products and the Health System. It received approval from the CEP UFU under number 5.010.611 and from all the CEPs of the blood networks involved. RESULTS: Management considers that its triage team has good freedom of expression, however, the lack of recognition and professional burnout are at critical levels. In relation to work-related damages, social damages were considered a critical category, while the other domains (physical damages and psychological damages) were considered bearable. Working conditions were classified as satisfactory, while the work organization received an unfavorable evaluation and socio-professional relationships were considered critical. When considering the human cost of work, managers consider the cognitive, physical and affective costs of triagists as critical. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Some final considerations and reflections stand out: the shorter the time in the position (up to 5 years) the greater the identification of triagists' suffering managers, the female gender presents greater suffering in the organization of work and in relationships socio-professionals; in turn, the age group from 40 to 49 years of age appears to suffer the most in terms of cognitive and physical costs; Managers recognize and are aware to understandable regarding the exhaustion and hardness (tiring and laborious) of the sorters' work process, as well as sensitized (allies) regarding the need for improvement in the work process. Scientific studies are insufficient and scarce to analyze the occurrence of risk of occupational diseases among triage professionals. It is suggested that future studies can delve deeper into this issue.