Topografia subterrânea aplicada à Espeleologia na Gruta da Lapa Nova no Município de Vazante - MG

Abstract

Speleology is a science whose object is the study or exploration of natural cavities in caves and/or caves. Its focus is on the graphical representation of underground cavities through quantitative measurements, involving both speleometry (measurement) and speleography (graphical representation). In the present study, the objective was to implement and track the coordinates of two geodetic landmarks, perform Grade X speleotopography and threedimensionally scan the main entrance hall of Gruta da Lapa Nova, located in Vazante-MG. Geodesic landmarks were strategically installed near the cave entrance during prospecting and exploration. To obtain the coordinates, the Astech Promark 500 GPS was used, while the Robotic Total Station (Leica MS50) was used in the speleotopographic survey. Data processing used the Precise Point Positioning method, using the IBGE-PPP portal. Furthermore, the Relative Static method was applied, using Manet Tools software for processing. Leica infinty software was used to process the topographic data, which automatically processed the collected data, generating the cloud, where it was possible to carry out calculations of the measurements obtained. The results included the determination of the coordinates of the M0 and M1 landmarks at the entrance to the cave, speleometry of the internal and external cavities, and the three-dimensional representation of the entrance hall. This work is of great relevance, as it will serve as a basis for future studies at Gruta da Lapa Nova, contributing to areas such as geospeleology, biospeleology, speleotourism, archeology and paleontology, consolidating itself as an intangible heritage.