A estratégia pecebista e a dissidência de Marighella: da revolução democrática à hegemonia proletária (1954-1966)

Abstract

In this paper, we sought to understand Carlos Marighella's criticisms of the Brazilian Communist Party and its politics after the 1964 military coup. Understanding Marighella as part of a "left fraction" within the party, which had been seeking a greater radicalization of its politics since before the coup, it was necessary to analyse the changes in the PCB's political orientation from its Fourth Congress in 1954, understood as the period of "party maturity", to the preparations for the Sixth Congress in 1966. This choice was made because of the authoritarian turn that the party took after its Fourth Congress, where, following the premise of combating "sectarianism" and "leftism", defending party unity and democratic centralism, it censored and repealed militants critical of its policies. To the same extent, this period was also marked by radical changes in the party's political strategy, which began to envision a peaceful revolution that could be achieved through reforms. In this way, we can understand one of the principal reasons that articulated Marighella's criticisms that became the propellant of his break with the party: the question of proletarian hegemony in the revolution.